The Impact of Increased Domestic Abuse Rates

The Impact of change magnitude Domestic Abuse RatesINRODUCTION1.1Background of have harmonise to the United Nations secretary, the general Ban Ki corn liquor (2008) highlighted one universal truth which always prevails in all countries, cultures and communities is that frenzy against wo manpower has neer been accepted, will never be excusable and in any circumstance will be tole identifyd. power against women is an international byplay since it is a national phenomenon that influences women of all races, ages, religions and economic statues. Ein truth year as a result of force-out, much than one zillion people lose their lives and some suffer from non- fatal injuries which atomic number 18 mostly women kids. Moreover, it is a huge expense for the economy since it erodes billions of US dollars earthly concernwide principally in health cargon outgo and much more in national economies in terms of workforce absenteeism, new law enforcement or even loss investment.In 2012 there was an estimation of 475 000 deaths which was recorded as a result of homicide. what is more 1 in five women be possessed of been knowledgeablely abused when she was a child and 1 in 3 women have been victims of either physical or sexual emphasis by their intimate assistant at some point in their lifetime. According to the late Nelson Mandela in the health giving medication in (200212) which emphasize in the world report on rage and Health that Many who live with the violence day in and day out presume that it is an innate part of the human state barbarousness against women is a violation of the human dignity, the right to life and considered as an extreme inequality towards the women.According the world Health organization, 2004 in Europe North America nearly 3.9 men die from suicide for all(prenominal) 1 women they killed and in Asia the sex ratio are about 1.1. Unfortunately Mauritius, our small paradise is not to be left, the figure is even higher here where 1 w omen out of 4 are been battered. in the midst of January to September, in 2013 nearly 1376 cases of violence against women were inform even though the ministry of gender equality had already allocated 12.8 million (320, 000 Euros) to combat against intimate partner violence declared by the Defi Quotidian. The Family effect Prevention fund (2008) with the American Association of University Women announces that more than 1,200 women are been killed every year by their keep ups or boyfriends.Violence is associated with health problems and it see the person in all dimension, physical, sexual, mental. In UK it affects both the child and the mothers health which practically result in maternal mortality. In addition to it, 70 out of 295 women in UK (24%) died during their pregnancy or within 6 weeks they given birth and 19 of them were murdered according to the review saving lives parental deaths to make motherhood safer in 2003. Last but not the least, 30 to 66% of the same ignomi nious offender exploits both the mother and the child. In India, they used to beat their wife and death caused by mean of fire was very common that is women were been douse with kerosene and then it was claim that she died as a kitchen accident. humanity officials in 1980s reveal that women who were mostly aged between 15 to 44 in Bombay or other urban areas of the Maharashtra where 1 out of 5 women were associated to accidental burnsS1.(world paper on violence and health, 2002)According to Durkheim (1800) Kushner, Sterk et al., (2005) which is disclose in Davis et al., (2011) research uncover that women were less expose to violence when they were residing in the protective interior(prenominal) sphere, however it was when they started to undertake non traditional functions, according to Levinson (1999) that is been lockd more in the mens role which lead them been more susceptible to violence. However, women are now emerging greatly in the world of business, and then they have a more independent lifestyle compared with their partner whereas some time back they were hard depending on their partner causing them been more vulnerable to abuse and victimization. Culture depicts norms that women need to respect his keep up thus if the women made a mistake at any level, the partner had the right to punish her. An anon Pakistan (n.d) notes were publish that beating a woman is to chastise or to discipline her as it was culturally and sacredly justified because men are the owners of their wives and it is very much necessary to show them who is the boss so that the hereafter transgressions are discourageS2d.The gender based violence is rooted in gender inequality, characterized by unequalized tycoon relation and the amicable structures are like factories which yields it to the society. The concept of masculinity has been integrated since civilization which is the main access for violence. The media also plays an important role in the sexualisation of women, portraying a negative image of the women to the society. Religion engage in the production of discrimination violence against the women, the speech, scared text and their consequence , the practice of exclusion and the sexist un equality in church for instance contribute to maintain violence against women Stroher 2009, p.101 mention in Krob and Steffen term in 2015.Authorities responses are crucial to interior(prenominal) help violence calls. However police officers are a great deal reluctant to intervene, often performing their job in a leisurely manner in grievous cases and most surprisingly they side with the offenders than been with the victims. Parnas 1967 and Browne 1995 disclose that police hesitation to deal officially with domestic assaults is due to insufficient law enforcement in response to this major concern. Rather than been part of the solution they been change magnitude the problem. The police officers categorized unbiased assaults as been of low importance thus the victim will have to wait for the officers avail office or seek assistance with other agencies from Buzawa 1993 and Buzawa 1996. According to Waaland and Keeley in (1985) of a sample of the survey they conducted indicated that the police officers did not give any arrest in cases of illicit assault.Thus it is been added to the debate of addressing violence against women and the intervention strategies of the officers1.2 Problem statementAccording to the domestic violence Homicide Report (2003) the human death toll is grossly underestimated. In 2001, intimate partner violence against women account for 20% of all non fatal violence that is 600,000 crimes overall. (Matthews, 2004) In spite of womens emancipation in the modern society, through its equal contribution at home and in society, we still perceiveS3 that women are been treated unequal to their husband or to other man in various settings. Domestic violence influence the womens ability to participate in the world wher e they are unable to take care of their children due to various health problems that they experienced and pursue job careers normally. The government lost billions of money all(prenominal) year because of the enormous commove that violence leaves on the society. Mathews (2004), reveal that medical expenses from domestic violence range from $3 to $5 each year and this excludes the $100 million which are been lost by businesses from sick departure, lost salary, non productivity.No legal action is without meaning, Mahmood, 2001 stated that a women which is making use of a veil might be viewed in trusted contexts as an oppression whereas in another might be a womens resistance. Domestic violence also sends messages to the women that you must not breach this barrier. According to the European Parliament, 2006 violence is an presention of the historical unequal power relations between men and women leading to domination over and discrimination against the women by men preventing wome ns full advancement. For example, the concept of the male honor is associated with purity of the women, if the women was raped or have sexual intercourse voluntarily outside marriage thus she was disgrace by the family. A study was conducted in Egypt where 47% of women were been killed by their relative after been raped. Women are unable to protect them from unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. We note that the situation have become beyond control internationally.Children who witnessed violence have many health problems like behavioural, anxiety, depression and poor school performance. In North America, children who witness violence exhibit antisocial behavior due to psychological disturbances. Moreover, a research in Leon and Nicaragua (2013) shows those children of abuse women were 6 generation more likely to die at age of 5. Children are dearly affected, 3207 cases of child abuse reported to the womens Aid national Free phone Helpline (2013) and based on the w omens aid annual report (2013) 1,204 children were present at home during intimate partner violence. Unfortunately most of the authoritiestechniques are far of been protecting the victim. Ferraro (1989) disclose that despite having serious policies only 18 % of offenders are been arrested, they often very lenient in domestic violence incident by Eigenberg et al. However, it is far to be a simple issue, fault in the system is indeed contributing in the nurture of domestic violence where it farm a need to address this issue.1.3 Aim and objectives of the studyThe purpose of the study is to analyze the consequences of an increasing rate of domestic violence on the women and the responsiveness of the police authorities towards this major concern. The study will mainly focus on the impact that domestic violence have upon women kids, the forms of violence, sources, causes and how the authorities response to this alarming social phenomenon accordingly. Therefore, it will be interesting to know till what extent a women is been victimized in the twentieth century.The objectives of this research are as followsAn insight of the different forms of domestic violenceTo disclose the voice of the stigmatizedTo investigate the hard-hittingness of the intervention strategies of the authorities upon violenceTo locate solutions to combat against domestic violence1.4 Research QuestionsWhat are the forms of domestic violence and how does it impact women?What is the consequence of domestic violence upon the women?Are authorities intervention techniques effective in response to violence?What are the reasons for difficulty in combating against domestic violence?1.5 Outline of the studyChapter 1 introduce the subject matter under study, how violence greatly influences the women, children and society and the response of the authorities towards this issue. The problem statement give a more in depth description how domestic violence has an impact on women, children and drawbacks of t he police strategies. The aim and objectives and a brief picture of each chapter accordingly.Chapter 2 lit reviewChapter 3 MethodologyChapter 4 Results and DiscussionsChapter 5 Recommendations and conclusionsREFERNCES instauration Health Organization (2013) Global and regional estimates of violence against women prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non- partner sexual violence. Switzerland WHO publications.World Health Organization (2002) World report on Violence and Health. Geneva WHO publications.World Health organization (2014) Global status report on violence prevention. Switzerland WHO publications.European Union Agency for Fundamental right on (2014) Violence against women an EU wide survey. Europe. Publications Office of the European Union.Devries k, watts C, Yoshihama M, Kiss L, Schreiber L.B, Deyessa N, Heise L, Durand J, Mbwambo J, Jansen H, Berhane Y ,Ellsberg M. and Moreno C.G. (2011). Violence against women is powerfully associated with suicid e attempts Evidence from the WHO multi country study on womens health and domestic violence against women, daybook of social science and medicine, Vol. 73, pp. 79-86.Indian Ocean Times. (2013). Mauritius 1,376 domestic violence cases recorded between January and September 2013, from en.indian-ocean-times.com accessed on the 12 April 2015 British High Commission Mauritius. (2015). Help and support available for victims of domestic violence in Mauritius from www.gov.uk accessed on 12 April 2015 Womens Aid. (2015). National and international statistics from www.womensaid.ie accessed on 12 April 2015 Council of Europe (2014) PREVENTING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN term 12 OF THE ISTANBUL CONVENTION A collection of papers on the council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence. Europe Council of Europe publications (emailprotected).Krob D.B and Steffen L. (2015). Religious influence on education and culture Violence against women as comm on sense, Journal of Social and Behavioral sciences, Vol. 174, pp. 2374 -2379.Peter G Sinder B and Stephens J. (1999), Police perceptions of domestic violence the nexus of victim, perpetrator, event, self and law policing, International journal of police strategies management, Vol.22 Iss 3, pp. 313-327.Chhikara P, Jakhar J, Malik A, Singla K and Dhattarwal S.K. (2013), Domestic Violence The Dark Truth of our Society, Journal of Indian Academic Forensic Medicine, Vol.35 (1), pp. 0971-0973.Davis, R.L. (2010), Domestic violence related deaths, Journal of Aggression ,conflict and Peace Research, Vol. 2, Iss 2.Davis, D.M. (2013). Rehabilitation Counseling Masters Students Beliefs and Attitudes about Domestic Violence toward Women. Published PhD dissertation. Lowa University of Lowa, 167 pages. plantationrt, A.J. (2008). Domestic violence against women A literature Review. Published Masters Literature review. Forest Grove Pacific University, 41 pages.Rojas, L.D.A. (2010). Men and Domesti c violence/Partner Violence in Santiago, Chile the meaning of violence in masculinity. Published Master Dissertation. Gothenburg Gothenburg University, 76 pages.1S1Source?S2discouragedS3percieve