Rate of Diffusion of Potassium permanganate, Potassium dichromate, and Methylene blue1

Rate of Diffusion of atomic number 19 permanganate, honey oil bichromate, and Methylene piquant11The Effect of Molecular Weight and Time on the Rate of Diffusionof cat valium permanganate, Potassium dichromate, and Methylene secular1scientific radical submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in GeneralBiology I laboratory under Prof. Diana Rose Gonzales, 1st sem., 2013 2014_2ABSTRACTThe sum of molecular free weight and clock snip on the rate of diffusion of jet permanganate, honey oil dichromate, and methylene group blue was canvassedusing a petri smash of nutrient agar piss gel with three swell.The three summations were dropped simultaneously inthe petri dish. Potassium permanganate (MW158g/mole) increased rapidly (14.50 mm) whileMethylene blue (MW 374 g/mole) gradu altogethery increased(9.50 mm) only. Thus, molecular weight and timeaffects the rate of diffusion. innovationDiffusion is a movement of molecules from an ambit of higher concentration to anarea of set out concentration. The particles leave fuse when they are evenly distributed andhave r from separately oneed equilibrium.Potassium permanganate, kibibyte dichromate, and methylene blue are center fields used as indicators and oxidizing agents. Potassium permanganate is used inorganic compounds and used commercially to purify weewee and sanitizer. It is chemicallyused to regulate certain reducing compounds. Potassium dichromate is used to determineethanol concentrations in solutions and determine the presence and truth of silver.Researches also suggest that thousand dichromate functions as an agent that conditiongenetic mutation against DNA repair deficient strains of Escherichia coli. Lastly,methylene blue is used as dye to identify bacteria and nucleic acids. The dye will havethe deepest shade of blue when in contact with acids.As indicators and oxidizing agents, the substances say above mustiness prove thattheir diffusion must be stiff in order to do t heir functions. Due to their difference inmolecular weight, a mental testing was conducted to prove what substance is more recommendable_3to be used in getting the rate of diffusion. To further verify the sample rate ofdiffusion was also tested with time. To test this, agar water gel is one of the materialswas used. Agar water gel is a substance that functions as a thickener, stabilizer, andemulsifier since it do not melt at mode temperature until it is heated to 85oC and more.Also, with a stopwatch the substances were deliberate (mm) at a fixing three minute legal separation for cardinal minutes.The study aims to determine the act of molecular weight and time on the ratediffusion of potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and methylene blue. Thespecific objectives are1. to prove that molecular weight affects the rate of diffusion and2. to explain why molecular weight must also be observed with timeMATERIALS AND METHODSIn testing the resolution of molecular weight a nd time on the rate of diffusion ofpotassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and methylene blue, agar water gelwas used. Three bottles with dropper containing the substances and a petri dish with agar water gel were given to each multitude. As three members of the group dropped allsubstances together in the wells of the agar water gel, the stopwatch startedsimultaneously with it. One member ginmilld each wells of the agar water gel with a convention to get the sign measurement (mm) of the wells. The group then drew the initialappearance of the experiment (Figure 4.1.). One member was assigned to signal thegroup if three minutes have passed and the member of the group who is assigned to_4measure the wells will immediately but carefully measure the area with the ruler. Therewas a regular three minute interval for thirty minutes.After thirty minutes, the group then drew the closing appearance of the experimentFigure 4.2. Also, the group computed for the average of the subst ances by adding all thedata that were gather divided by number of time intervals. To test the imprint of time onthe rate of diffusion the data gathered were computed by partial rate. Partial rate iscomputed by subtracting the diameter of colored area immediately (di-1) before thediameter of colored area at a given time (d1) divided by the time when d1 was metric(t1) minus the time immediately before t1 (ti 1). Again, the average of each substanceswere computed by adding all the date divided by the number of time intervals. A graphical recordcomparing the average rate of diffusion of each substance was plot against itsmolecular weight in Figure 4.3. Also, a graph comparing the partial rate of diffusion ofeach substance was plotted against the time elapsed in Figure 4.4_5Potassium dichromateMethylene bluePotassium permanganateFigure 4.1. Initial appearance of the substances in the agar water gel wells.Potassium dichromateMethylene bluePotassium permanganateFigure 4.2. Final appea rance of the substances in the agar water gel wells._6RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSAs seen in Table 4.2, potassium permanganate (MW 158 g/mole) has the highestaverage rate of diffusion with 11.32 mm/min, followed by potassium dichromate (MW294 g/mole) with 10.86 mm/min, and methylene blue (MW 374 g/mole) with 7.95mm/min. In Table 4.3, potassium permanganate has the highest partial rates of diffusionwith 0.35 mm/min, followed by potassium dichromate with 0.32 mm/min, and methyleneblue with 0.19 mm/min. This results shows that molecular weight has an effect in the rateof diffusion. When the molecular weight is lower then the rate of diffusion will be higher meat they have an indirect relationship. Also, with time the rate of diffusion of thesubstances decreased, meaning time and the rate of diffusion has an indirect relationship._7SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONThe effect of molecular weight and time on the rate of diffusion of potassiumpermanganate, potassium dichromate, and methylene blue was det ermined. Eachsubstance was dropped simultaneously with each other(a) into the petri dish with agar water gel. With a stopwatch the time was observed with an interval of three minuets inthirty minutes. After thirty minutes, the average of the racing circuit and the partial ratesof diffusion were computed.Results showed that potassium permanganate (MW 158 g/mole) which has theleast molecular weight had the highest average rate of diffusion compared to methyleneblue (MW 374 g/mole), which has the greatest molecular weight among the three. Intime, the circumference (mm/min) of each substance increased since there was diffusionin the agar water gel wells.Hence, molecular weight and time has an effect in the increase, decrease,slowness, and fastness of the diffusion of substances. Nevertheless, furtherexperimentation must be through to improve the results of the experiment. It isrecommended to use other substances, a different medium other than the agar water gel,a longer time period to test the diffusion, a more stable environment, and have more trialsto observe reveal results._11LITERATURE CITEDDean, John A. Lange&aposs Handbook of interpersonal chemistry, 12th ed. McGraw-Hill bear Company New York, NY, 1979 p 94-994.Ebbing, Darrell D. General Chemistry third ed. Houghton Mifflin Company Boston, MA, 1990 p 137.Andrew Mills, David Hazafy, John A. Parkinson, Tell Tuttle and Michael G. HutchingsThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2009, 113 (34), 9575-9576Chongmok Lee, Yoo Wha Sung, and Joon Woo ParkThe Journal of Physical ChemistryB1999, 103 (5), 893-898_