Density of Liquids Lab Report Paper

FE 106 GENERAL CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT-1 engrossment OF LIQUIDS PREPARED BY BURAK COBAN PURPOSE In this experiment we will come across how can we find the absorption of liquids and liquids of density how transmit effect of temperature, pressure, spate, flashiness and niggardness. For this reason we will take NaCI solutions with different concentrations and we will measure their densities, so we will find out the effects of concentration on density of solutions. THEORY Density is a physical shoes obtained by dividing the rush of a material or object by its loudness (i. . , mass per unit volume). Here is an old riddle What weighs to a greater extent, a ton of bricks or a ton of feathers? if you answer that they weigh the same, you demonstrate a slip away understanding of the meaning of mass- a measure of quantity of egress. Any integrity who answers that the bricks weigh more than the feathers has confused the concepts of mass and density. Matter in a bricks is more hard tha n in a feather that is, the matter in brick is confined to a fineer volume. Bricks are denser than feathers. Density is the ratio of mass to volume.Density= Mass (m) / gaudiness (V) Density of matter d g/ml Mass of matter m g playscript of matter V ml The SI base unit of mass and volume are kilograms and solid meters, respectively, further chemists generally express mass in grams and volume in cubic centimetres or millilitres. The most commonly encountered density unit, then, is grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm3), or the identical grams per millilitre (g/ml).The mass of 1. 000 L of piss at 4 0C is 1. 000 kg. The density of urine at 40C is coulomb0g/1000 ml=1. 000 g/ml. At 20 0 C, the density of peeing is 0. 9982 g/ml. Density is a function of temperature because volume varies with temperature whereas mass remains constant. One reason wherefore global warming is a concern is because if the average temperature of seawater outgrowths, the water becomes less dense. Because the mass of water does not flip, its volume must join on and sea level rises- all before any ice melts at the polar caps.In addition to temperature, the state of matter affects the density of a substance. In general, solids are denser than liquids and both are than sploshes. There are significant overlaps, however. The side by side(p) are some observations about the numerical values of densities that should prove utile in problem solving situations. Solid densities from about 0. 2 g/cm3 to 20 g/cm3. Liquid densities from about 0. 5 g/ml to 3-4 g/ml. Gas densities mostly in the range of a some grams per liter. In general, densities of liquids are cognise more precisely than those of solids.Also, densities of elements and compounds are cognise more precisely than densities of materials with variable compositions (such as wood or robber). An alpha consequence of the differing densities of solids and liquids is that liquids and solids of lower density will float on a l iquid of higher density (so long as the liquids and solids do not form solutions with each new(prenominal)). MATERIALS We used these materials in the experiment. gradational cylinder Distilled water Thermometer NaCI solutions with different concentrations (4, 8, 12, 16% NaCI by weight. )Un cognize solution (U1) Beakers PROCEDURE The mass of the put down gradational cylinder was measured and the mass was written. 20 ml. Distilled water was added into the cylinder. Graduated cylinder and distilled water were measured and was written. The temperature of the water was made note. The density of the water that we had known its mass and volume. Was calculated. After finish this part. We were started second part. We were added NaCI solutions (their concentrations 4, 8, 12, 16 %) one by one. The masses of the solutions were determined and were made note respectively.The densities of the NaCI solutions were calculated. And then a sample of NaCI solution, which we didnt know its concentratio n, was added to the empty graduated cylinder. Mass of the transcendental solution (U1) was name. Finally Density of the unknown solution was calculated. RESULTS (DATA) a) Density of water Temperature of water 24 0C Mass of graduated cylinder (m1 ) 29,95 g Volume of water 20 ml. Mass of water + graduated cylinder 49,90 g Mass of water 19,95g Density= (19,95)/ 20= 0,9975 g/ml formulation of Percent Error T. V. E. V. _____________ *(100) T. V. T. V. = Theoretical value. E. V. = Experimental value. Percent Error ( 0,9964- 0,9975 / 0,9964)*100= 0,11% b) Density of solutions Volume of solution 20 ml 4% concentration =((50,91-29,95)/ 20)= 1,048 g/ml 8% concentration =((51,18-29,95)/20)= 1,0615 g/ml 12% concentration =((51,47-29,95)/20)= 1,076 g/ml 16% concentration =((51,95-29,95)/20)= 1,10 g/ml Unknown concentration (U1)U1 ((50,60-29,95)/20)= 1,0325 g/ml DISCUSSION In this Experiment, We were intentional how can we find the density of the liquids, by using the formula. But we fo und different results some of them. For example density of water is 0,9964g/ml at 240C temperature but we found 0,9975 g/ml I think that falsify may be, temperature wasnt determined well or we washed the graduated cylinder with distilled water and we didnt dry well. So that these factors changed the results. On the other hand, If we had taken 30 ml water instead of 20 ml of water.The density would gain been same. Because according to the increase in volume, mass would increase too. This experiment showed us that density is temperature and concentration dependent, but mass and volume independent. REFERENCES General chemistry, page 15-16, Ralph PETRUCCI & William HARWOOD. PRELAB QUESTIONS 1. Density Density is a physical property obtained by dividing the mass of a material or object by its volume (i. e. , mass per unit volume). a) Effect Of Temperature If temperature increases volume increases.Because molecular blanks increases so that Density of liquids drop when temperature increa ses. On the other hand, temperature decreases volume will decrease for this reason density of liquids increase when temperature decreases. Effect Of Pressure density of liquids cannot change with pressure. If we use very big pressure. Density of liquids change very small amount. b) Because there are very small blanks between molecules so that we deal a great pressure to change density of liquids. c) Of course No, if we have gas sample.We can use pressure to change density Because gas molecules have very big blanks one to another and we can change density very easily. d) We cannot change density of solid with pressure. Because nearly molecules get dressedt have blanks. (See figure 1. 1) 0000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Solid molecules Liquid molecules Gas molecules 2. ( (0,9972-0,9948) / 0,9972 ) *100 = 0,24 % d = m / V d = 41,052 / 41,2 = 0,9964 Percent Error ( 0,9955 0,9964 / 0,9955) *100 = 0,09 % 3. At 160C=0,9978 g/ml. , 210C = 0,9970 g/ml. , 230C = 0,9966 g/ml. , 250C = 0,9961 g/ml. 4. Calibration Calibration regularitys aim to find unknown value with using known values. For this reason we have to draw calibration curve using known values and then we can find unknown values.